Questionare

https://www.surveymonkey.co.uk/r/SQZRBMG

Carol Vernanalysis - The Kindest Cut (2001)

Carol Versailles' music video theory in her academic work 'The Kindest Cut" (2001) is similar to that of Andrew Goodwin's, however, there are quite a few differences. She explores the methods found between film and music video editing.

There are four main parts to here theory are:

Narrative
Editing
Camera Movement And Framing
Diegesis

Narrative:
She states that "Narratives in music videos are not always complete" allowing the music being to be open to audience interoperation, getting people to discuss the meaning and ending behind the music video and "Music videos are not always balanced between performance and narrative" meaning that some music videos have more of a narrative story than the artists/performance and others revolve around the artists/performance than the story. This is seen commonly in pop music videos.

Editing:

She states that "The rules of continuity editing are broken to draw attention to what is happening on screen" and that "edits may be really obvious to draw attention to themselves" this can be done by the use of special effects. Jump cuts are also used a lot during music videos, these can help edit to the beat of the song and/or to the lyrics. She also states that "A master shot is frequently used to give the video a structure" this is a shot/scene/location that is often brought back multiple times during the music video. An example of this is the hallway shot in Britney Spears - "...One More Time".

Camera Movement And Framing:

Vernallis says that establishing shots of the location and close-ups of the subject(s)/star(s) are frequently used in music videos, the camera can also be moved in time with the beat and/or the lyrics of the song. The framing of the music video usually depends on the genre of the music video itself. 

Diegesis:
This is a narrative or plot, typically in a film however can be applied to music videos.Vernallis says that there can be a lot of repetition of shots and certain frames can be highlighted more than others (the master shot) due to the fact that the actions in a music video may not always be comparative and can be left unfinished.   

Mood Board

Lots of warm lighting, bright oranges, red and yellows for the flash back scenes for a feel good vibe and representation of the past being a warmer and a better time.

Present day scenes, all in black and white but with blue as the primary colour to show the present being darker, dull and more depressing which will be represented with the colour blue.

Music Video Analysis

All My Life analysis from Jack Martin on Vimeo.

Research Questionnaires And Focus Groups

Questionnaire Pros And Cons:

Pros:
Can get answers from a lot of people in a relatively short space of time.
They provide lots of data for analysis and the more data sets, the more accurate the analysis.
Everyone answers the same questions i.e. same information is requested. Reduces bias.
Allows people to answer at a time convenient to them.
If anonymous, perhaps more honest answers will be provided.
Questions can be planned ahead of time by the analyst.
Questionnaires are one of the most affordable ways to gather quantitative data. Especially online and mobile surveys have a very low cost and a generous reach. There’s no printing cost, you don’t have to hire surveyors to ask people the questions, not do you have to buy stamps to send out your paper survey.

It’s quick and easy to collect results with online and mobile tools. This means that you can gain insights in as little as 24 hours (or less!), depending on the scale and reach of your questionnaire. You don’t need to wait for another company to deliver the answers you need.

Questionnaires and surveys allow you to gather information from a large audience. Online, you can literally distribute your questions to anyone, anywhere in the world (provided they have an internet connection). This means that for a relatively low cost, you can target a city or a country. Geography no longer stands in the way of market research. It’s important to be aware of cultural differences between people and countries when conducting worldwide research.

Cons:
Only as good as the questions being asked. If the questions are poorly worded or they are biased then the data obtained might not give an accurate picture.
Can be difficult for the analyst to ask the right questions if they are unfamiliar with the system.
They are impersonal, people may be more open face to face discussions.
The response rate may be poor - especially if people are busy or don't see the benefit in answering.
Difficult to allow people to expand on their answers, especially with closed questions.
While there are many positives to questionnaires, dishonesty can be an issue. Respondents may not be 100 percent truthful with their answers. This can happen for a variety of reasons, including social desirability bias and attempting to protect privacy. Stop dishonesty in its tracks by assuring respondents that their privacy is valued and that the process prevents personal identification. Every administrator hopes for conscientious responses, but there’s no way to know if the respondent has really thought the question through before answering. At times, answers will be chosen before fully reading the question or the potential answers. Sometimes respondents will skip through questions, or split-second choices may be made, affecting the validity of your data.

A survey or questionnaire cannot fully capture emotional responses or the feelings of the respondents. Without administering the questionnaire face-to-face, there is no way to observe facial expression, reactions or body language.

When using questionnaires, there is a chance that some questions will be ignored. If questions are not required, there is always that risk they won’t be answered. Online questionnaires offer a simple solution to this issue: make answering the question required.

No matter what form of delivery is used, lack of accessibility is a threat. Surveys may be unsuitable for users with a visual or hearing impairment, or other impediments such as illiteracy. This should be considered when choosing to do research in this manner. Always choose a questionnaire platform that has accessibility options built in.

Focus Groups Pros And Cons:

Pros:

An interesting aspect of the focus group is how answers tend to build on top of each other. The processing that happens is unique because people are able to consider different answers and opinions other than their own to have their personal views begin to evolve. This gives survey takers more complete information and allows participants to have their own person views begin to evolve. Both sides receive value.

Focus groups can attract people today from all over the world. They can even be conducted online under certain circumstances. This means it becomes possible to screen more people so that the critical factors being researched can be examined without the same levels of restriction.

The problem with survey taking in general is that they all tend to be disruptive. If you’re out shopping at the mall with your family, do you really want someone asking you questions for 5-10 minutes? Of course not. Although there can be travel requirements for a focus group, the chance to be with peers and discuss important topics is fun for participants and a convenient way to gather information.

Online focus groups tend to provide more anonymous information than in-person groups, but all focus groups allow for a certain level of privacy. Most people don’t know each other in a group, which allows people to provide honest answers and open responses. This is critically important when attempting to research information about cultural, personal, or even socioeconomic issues. If people feel like they will be judged by those that they know, they tend to alter what gets said, even at the expense of their personal opinions.

There will always be the costs of meeting rooms, A/V equipment, transcription services, food and beverages, and potentially hotel accommodations. Even online focus groups have certain cost requirements. Yet in the gathering of critical data from a fairly large sample of people, there aren’t many other methods that are as affordable as the focus group. People who participate in them appreciate travel expenses and other needs being met, making the event seem like a vacation.

Instead of focusing on a scripted response, focus groups are able to ad-lib questions within the moment to create more detailed information. This may require a skilled facilitator to recognise emotional changes in the group, but when it is done correctly, it can literally change how the world perceives certain subjects.

Cons:

If you put a group of people into a room, a leader tends to emerge. This person helps to facilitate the discussion and makes sure their personal opinions are heard first. Strong, persuasive leadership can alter the opinions of other focus group participants and make it difficult to receive accurate data, even if there is a strong facilitator in the room.

The level of involvement that some participants may have could be minimal. Sometimes people don’t interact in a focus group at all. It’s important to recognise who may have an introverted personality in a focus group because introverts tend to absorb all the information around them and offer brief moments of insight. Those brief moments can be worth more than 30 minutes of others talking.

Every person has a certain bias on every subject because of their upbringing, their current environment, and other personalised experiences. This personal bias can come out when certain group dynamics are present, seemingly justifying the bias. When included with the final outcome, sometimes the researchers conducting the focus group have more influence on the final outcome than the participants.

Someone who hasn’t been talking for awhile suddenly crosses their arms in front of their chest. To many, this seems like a defensive pose that indicates they disagree with what is being discussed. It could also mean that they’re just bored with the conversation and interactions happening because they seem pointless or surface-level. Non-verbal cues can provide an extra depth of insight, but they can also create misinterpreted data that alters the final results.

Many focus groups try to eliminate distractions that may occur. Although this is a concern, a greater issue is security. When people disagree with each other on a passionate issue, things can go from shouting to violence in a very short amount of time. Screening in respondents who are not likely to have such a response provoked out of them is important, but not a guarantee that something won’t happen.

Facilitators do more than just ask questions. They provide the group with a certain level of energy. They encourage engagement. They keep the conversation on track. Moderators can also influence the data when questions posed aren’t neutral in nature.

Sources:
http://www.teach-ict.com/as_a2_ict_new/ocr/A2_G063/331_systems_cycle/investigation_methods/miniweb/pg4.htm
https://surveyanyplace.com/questionnaire-pros-and-cons/
https://brandongaille.com/12-pros-and-cons-of-focus-groups/